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Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Details for: Grimsvotn
An ash plume rises from a new crater near the southern margin of Grímsvötn caldera in November 2004. Grímsvötn lies largely beneath the vast Vatnajökull icecap and the eruption melted its way through ice about 200 m thick. The plume extends towards the north due to the wind direction, coating the surface of the glacier in dark ash. Photo by Freysteinn Sigmundsson, 2004 (Nordic Volcanological Center).
Volcano Number:
373010
Volcano Name:
Grimsvotn
Country:
Iceland
Volcano Type:
Caldera
Last Eruption:
2011 CE
Elevation:
1719m
Tectonic Setting:
Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Pop. within 100km:
1736
Latitude:
64.416
Longitude:
-17.316
Details
Download XLS
Eruption Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Show 85 Results
Hide Results
Volcano Number
Volcano Name
Eruption Number
Activity Type
Explosivity Index Max
Explosivity Index Modifier
Activity Area
Activity Unit
Start Evidence Method
Start Date
End Date
373010
Grimsvotn
12755
Confirmed Eruption
6
Saksunarvatn tephra
Radiocarbon (corrected)
-8230
373010
Grimsvotn
12756
Confirmed Eruption
0
Laki (Botnahraun)
Tephrochronology
-4550
373010
Grimsvotn
12757
Confirmed Eruption
0
S of Thordarhyrna (Bergvatnsarhraun)
Tephrochronology
-3550
373010
Grimsvotn
12758
Confirmed Eruption
2
Raudholar and Brunuholar
Tephrochronology
-1950
373010
Grimsvotn
12759
Confirmed Eruption
2
Halsagigur
Tephrochronology
-50
373010
Grimsvotn
12760
Confirmed Eruption
Tephrochronology
910
373010
Grimsvotn
12761
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
960
373010
Grimsvotn
12762
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1010
373010
Grimsvotn
12763
Confirmed Eruption
Tephrochronology
1060
373010
Grimsvotn
12764
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1090
373010
Grimsvotn
12765
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1150
373010
Grimsvotn
12766
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1190
373010
Grimsvotn
12767
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1230
373010
Grimsvotn
12768
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1270
373010
Grimsvotn
12769
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1290
373010
Grimsvotn
12770
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1310
373010
Grimsvotn
12771
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1332
373010
Grimsvotn
12772
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1341
373010
Grimsvotn
12773
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1350
373010
Grimsvotn
12774
Confirmed Eruption
Historical Observations
1354
373010
Grimsvotn
12775
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1369
373010
Grimsvotn
12776
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1370
373010
Grimsvotn
12777
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1390
373010
Grimsvotn
12778
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1430
373010
Grimsvotn
12779
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1450
373010
Grimsvotn
12780
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1469
373010
Grimsvotn
12781
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1470
373010
Grimsvotn
12782
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1471
373010
Grimsvotn
12783
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1490
373010
Grimsvotn
12784
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1500
373010
Grimsvotn
12785
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1509
373010
Grimsvotn
12786
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1510
373010
Grimsvotn
12787
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1521
373010
Grimsvotn
12788
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1530
373010
Grimsvotn
12789
Confirmed Eruption
3
?
Historical Observations
1598/11/7
373010
Grimsvotn
12790
Confirmed Eruption
2
Volcano Uncertain: Vatnajökull; possibly Grímsvötn
1603/10/31
1603
373010
Grimsvotn
12791
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1610
373010
Grimsvotn
12792
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1619/7/29
373010
Grimsvotn
12793
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1622
373010
Grimsvotn
12794
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1629
373010
Grimsvotn
12795
Confirmed Eruption
Ice Core
1632
373010
Grimsvotn
12796
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1638/2/24
373010
Grimsvotn
12797
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1659
373010
Grimsvotn
12798
Confirmed Eruption
Historical Observations
1665
373010
Grimsvotn
12799
Confirmed Eruption
Volcano Uncertain: Vatnajökull
Historical Observations
1681/4/10
373010
Grimsvotn
12800
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1684/11/5
1685
373010
Grimsvotn
12801
Confirmed Eruption
Historical Observations
1697
373010
Grimsvotn
12802
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1706/10/15
373010
Grimsvotn
12803
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1716/10/6
373010
Grimsvotn
12804
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1725
373010
Grimsvotn
12805
Confirmed Eruption
Historical Observations
1730
373010
Grimsvotn
12806
Confirmed Eruption
2
?
NE of Palsfjall
Historical Observations
1753/10/15
373010
Grimsvotn
12807
Confirmed Eruption
2
Volcano Uncertain: Vatnajökull
1768
373010
Grimsvotn
12808
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1774
373010
Grimsvotn
12809
Confirmed Eruption
4
+
Lakagigar (Skaftar) and Grímsvötn
Historical Observations
1783
1785/5/26
373010
Grimsvotn
12810
Uncertain Eruption
1794/7/15
373010
Grimsvotn
12812
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1816
1816
373010
Grimsvotn
12814
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1838
373010
Grimsvotn
12815
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1854
373010
Grimsvotn
12816
Uncertain Eruption
2
1861
373010
Grimsvotn
12817
Confirmed Eruption
1
Historical Observations
1867/8/29
373010
Grimsvotn
12818
Confirmed Eruption
4
Historical Observations
1873/1/8
1873
373010
Grimsvotn
12819
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1883/1/15
1883/4/15
373010
Grimsvotn
12821
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1891
1892/3/16
373010
Grimsvotn
12822
Confirmed Eruption
2
Volcano Uncertain
1897
373010
Grimsvotn
12824
Confirmed Eruption
Historical Observations
1910
373010
Grimsvotn
12825
Confirmed Eruption
2
?
Volcano Uncertain
1919
373010
Grimsvotn
12826
Confirmed Eruption
2
Historical Observations
1922/9/29
1922/10/23
373010
Grimsvotn
12827
Confirmed Eruption
1
North of Grímsvötn caldera
Historical Observations
1933/11/29
1933/12/9
373010
Grimsvotn
12828
Confirmed Eruption
2
Near south caldera wall
Historical Observations
1934/3/30
1934/4/7
373010
Grimsvotn
12829
Confirmed Eruption
Volcano Uncertain: Vatnajökull
1934/12/21
1934/12/26
373010
Grimsvotn
12830
Confirmed Eruption
1
8 km N of Svartibunki
Historical Observations
1938
373010
Grimsvotn
12831
Uncertain Eruption
0
1939
373010
Grimsvotn
12832
Uncertain Eruption
0
1941
1941
373010
Grimsvotn
12833
Uncertain Eruption
1
?
1945/9/25
373010
Grimsvotn
12834
Uncertain Eruption
0
1948
373010
Grimsvotn
12835
Confirmed Eruption
1
Historical Observations
1954/1/15
373010
Grimsvotn
12836
Uncertain Eruption
1
?
North and south part of caldera
1954/7/16
373010
Grimsvotn
12837
Uncertain Eruption
0
1972/3/16
1972/4/16
373010
Grimsvotn
12838
Confirmed Eruption
2
Near south caldera wall
Historical Observations
1983/5/28
1983/6/2
373010
Grimsvotn
12839
Uncertain Eruption
0
1984/8/20
373010
Grimsvotn
12840
Confirmed Eruption
3
?
Gjálp (fissure N of caldera rim)
Historical Observations
1996/9/30
1996/11/6
373010
Grimsvotn
12841
Confirmed Eruption
3
South caldera wall
Historical Observations
1998/12/18
1998/12/28
373010
Grimsvotn
12842
Confirmed Eruption
3
SW and east sides of caldera
Historical Observations
2004/11/1
2004/11/4
373010
Grimsvotn
20767
Confirmed Eruption
4
SW part of the caldera
Historical Observations
2011/5/21
2011/5/28
Emissions Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Show 4 Results
Hide Results
Emission ID
SO2 Kilotons
Start Date
End Date
355
10
1983/05/29
1983/05/29
356
10
1996/10/02
1996/10/02
357
30
2004/11/02
2004/11/02
358
300
2011/05/21
2011/05/21
Abstract
X
Abstract text goes here
Data from the Earthchem Library
Show 1 Results
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Title
Author
Release Date
DOI
Link
The emissions of CO2 and other volatiles from the world’s subaerial volcanoes The emissions of CO2 and other volatiles from the world’s subaerial volcanoes
Fischer, Tobias
2020-11-21
10.1594/IEDA/111445
Details
Data from the Earthchem Portal
Show 14 Results
Hide Results
Sample ID
LINK
Source
DB
Method
Material
Rock Class
Rock Name
SiO
2
WT%
TiO
2
WT%
Al
2
O
3
WT%
Fe
2
O
3
WT%
Fe
2
O
3
Total
WT%
FeO
WT%
FeO Total
WT%
MnO
WT%
MgO
WT%
CaO
WT%
Na
2
O
WT%
K
2
O
WT%
P
2
O
5
WT%
LOI
WT%
H
2
O
WT%
Total
WT%
Ag
PPM
As
PPM
Ba
PPM
Be
PPM
Bi
PPM
Co
PPM
Cr
PPM
Cs
PPM
Cu
PPM
Dy
PPM
Ga
PPM
ge
PPM
In
PPM
Mo
PPM
Nb
PPM
Ni
PPM
Pb
PPM
Rb
PPM
Sb
PPM
Sc
PPM
Sn
PPM
Sr
PPM
Ti
PPM
U
PPM
V
PPM
W
PPM
Y
PPM
Zn
PPM
Zr
PPM
87
Sr /
86
Sr
RATIO
87
Rb /
86
Sr
RATIO
143
Nd /
144
Nd
RATIO
147
Sm /
144
Nd
RATIO
E Nd
RATIO
206
Pb /
204
Pb
RATIO
207
Pb /
204
Pb
RATIO
208
Pb /
204
Pb
RATIO
208
Pb /
206
Pb
RATIO
176
Hf /
177
Hf
RATIO
176
Lu /
177
Hf
RATIO
187
Re /
188
Os
RATIO
187
Re /
186
Os
RATIO
187
Os /
188
Os
RATIO
187
Os /
186
Os
RATIO
186
Os /
188
Os
RATIO
184
Os /
188
Os
RATIO
10
Be / Be
RATIO
10
Be /
9
Be
RATIO
206
Pb /
207
Pb
RATIO
L42
DETAILS
TIMS_ID
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
0.332
L84
DETAILS
TIMS
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
0.70324
L84
DETAILS
TIMS_ID
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
0.355
LOI-1R
DETAILS
EMP (EPMA)
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
49.74
1.64
15.87
8.46
0.15
6.75
14.2
2.06
0.23
99.1
LK-17-8-1
DETAILS
EMP (EPMA)
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
50.42
3.06
13.19
14.62
0.27
5.23
9.89
2.77
0.47
99.92
S4
DETAILS
TIMS_ID
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
0.339
LK-13
DETAILS
EMP (EPMA)
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
50.32
1.71
13.9
12.32
0.26
7.03
11.88
2.53
0.19
100
L4
DETAILS
TIMS_ID
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
0.34
LK-16-8-3
DETAILS
EMP (EPMA)
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
50.3
3.18
12.81
15
0.22
4.99
9.95
2.91
0.49
99.85
III
DETAILS
NOT GIVEN
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Basalt
47.8
3
13.4
10.5
5
5.1
10.3
3.3
0.2
0.2
98.8
LK-16-1
DETAILS
SIMS
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
3.78
LK-16-1
DETAILS
SIMS
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
2.85
LK-16-1
DETAILS
EMP (EPMA)
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
51.04
1.22
15.9
8.7
0.19
6.93
14.14
1.97
0.1
100
LK-16-1
DETAILS
EMP (EPMA)
Rock
Igneous Mafic Volcanic
Tholeiite
50.27
1.12
12.64
10.62
0.23
10.05
13.12
1.84
0.1
99.99
Data from the SESAR Database
Show 3 Results
Hide Results
IGSN
Object Name
Object Type
Object Class
Material
Field Name
Link
NHB00791G
NMNH 117682-1 (PET)
Individual Sample
Rock>Igneous
Basalt
Details
NHB006OIX
NMNH 116704 (PET)
Individual Sample
Rock>Igneous
Basalt
Details
NHB00791H
NMNH 117682-2 (PET)
Individual Sample
Rock>Igneous
Basalt
Details
Data from the MaGa Database
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the MaGa database.
Data from UNAVCO
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the UNAVCO database.
Data from USIEI
Sorry. This volcano is not covered by any USIEI projects.
Hide Results
Project Name
Data Type
Project Status
Collection Date
Metadata Link
Data Acecss Detail
Notes
Data from IRIS FDSNWS
Show 13 Results
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Event ID
Time
Latitude
Longitude
Depth/km
Author
Catalog
Contributor
Contributor ID
Mag Type
Magnitude
Mag Author
Event Location Name
10573161
2015-01-08T17:55:44
64.4274
-17.3891
9.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
606931105
mb
3.5
ISC
ICELAND
4816542
2014-11-29T11:19:30
64.4306
-17.4729
10.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
606005195
mb
4.6
NEIC
ICELAND
4820025
2014-11-28T13:03:39
64.496
-17.2692
10.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
606622974
mb
4.3
NEIC
ICELAND
4816136
2014-11-25T10:21:22
64.494
-17.4257
10.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
605718815
mb
4.4
NEIC
ICELAND
4817464
2014-11-04T08:49:05
64.4789
-17.4812
10.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
606620888
mb
4.4
NEIC
ICELAND
4813932
2014-10-19T09:47:40
64.4715
-17.4356
9.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
605725980
mb
4.0
NEIC
ICELAND
4810745
2014-10-07T10:22:32
64.4921
-17.3683
10.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
605504654
MW
5.5
GCMT
ICELAND
4809855
2014-09-29T13:43:02
64.4626
-17.4815
10.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
610572760
MW
5.5
GCMT
ICELAND
8661506
2011-05-21T18:47:02
64.4022
-17.3305
3.1
ISC
ISC
ISC
17204157
mb
3.8
ISC
ICELAND
3286256
2011-04-03T14:09:05
64.3862
-17.4984
10.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
16499043
mb
4.5
NEIC
ICELAND
3280342
2011-02-25T01:19:19
64.371
-17.4224
9.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
16339058
mb
4.2
NEIC
ICELAND
3278613
2011-01-13T09:22:23
64.445
-17.3189
4.1
ISC
ISC
ISC
15925945
mb
4.2
NEIC
ICELAND
1757684
2004-11-01T20:11:10
64.3671
-17.4371
10.0
ISC
ISC
ISC
7429089
mb
4.0
NEIC
ICELAND