IEDA / DECADE Detail

Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution

Details for: Lengai, Ol Doinyo

A herd of wildebeest graze in the foreground during an explosive eruption from Tanzania's Ol Doinyo Lengai in 1966. Explosive activity began in August 1966, near the end of an eruption that began in 1960 and consisted of quiet emission of lava flows in the summit crater. Ash deposits from previous eruptions whiten the volcano's slopes. This is the only volcano known to have erupted carbonatite in historical time. Photo by Gordon Davies, 1966 (courtesy of Celia Nyamweru, Kenyatta University).

Volcano Number:	222120
Volcano Name:	Lengai, Ol Doinyo
Country:	Tanzania
Volcano Type:	Stratovolcano
Last Eruption:	2020 CE
Elevation:	2962m
Tectonic Setting:	Rift zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Pop. within 5km:	186
Pop. within 10km:	1855
Pop. within 30km:	18074
Pop. within 100km:	545305
Latitude:	-2.764
Longitude:	35.914

Eruption Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution

Volcano Number	Volcano Name	Eruption Number	Activity Type	Explosivity Index Max	Activity Area	Activity Unit	Start Evidence Method	Start Date	End Date
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	13828	Confirmed Eruption	3	North Crater		Historical Observations	2007/6/16	2010/10/9
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	13997	Confirmed Eruption				Tephrochronology	-1550
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	13998	Confirmed Eruption			BTA Tuffs	Tephrochronology	-50
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14000	Confirmed Eruption			Namrod Ash	Tephrochronology	700
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14001	Confirmed Eruption			Footprint Tuff	Tephrochronology	1350
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14002	Confirmed Eruption	2	North Crater		Historical Observations	1880
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14003	Confirmed Eruption	2	North Crater		Historical Observations	1882	1883
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14005	Confirmed Eruption	0	North Crater		Historical Observations	1904
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14006	Confirmed Eruption	0	North Crater		Historical Observations	1907	1910/8/4
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14007	Confirmed Eruption	0			Historical Observations	1913
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14008	Confirmed Eruption	0	North Crater		Historical Observations	1914/8/15	1915
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14012	Confirmed Eruption	3	North Crater		Historical Observations	1916/12/1	1917
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14013	Confirmed Eruption	2	North Crater		Historical Observations	1921
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14014	Confirmed Eruption	2	North Crater		Historical Observations	1926
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14015	Confirmed Eruption	3	North Crater		Historical Observations	1940/7/24	1941
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14016	Confirmed Eruption	2	North Crater		Historical Observations	1954/7/26	1954/9/16
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14017	Confirmed Eruption	2	North Crater		Historical Observations	1955/1/19	1955/1/20
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14018	Confirmed Eruption	1	North Crater		Historical Observations	1958/2/6
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14019	Confirmed Eruption	3	North Crater		Historical Observations	1960/3/16	1966/11/28
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14020	Confirmed Eruption	3	North Crater		Historical Observations	1967/7/8	1967/9/4
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14021	Uncertain Eruption					1969/7/16
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14023	Confirmed Eruption	2	North Crater		Historical Observations	1983/1/1	1993/9/24
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	14024	Confirmed Eruption	1	North Crater		Historical Observations	1994/9/18	2006/7/16
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	20790	Confirmed Eruption	0	North Crater		Historical Observations	2011/6/22	2014/7/15
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	22284	Confirmed Eruption	0	North Crater		Historical Observations	2017/4/9	2021/12/9
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	22304	Confirmed Eruption	0	North Crater		Historical Observations	2015/6/20	2015/8/24
222120	Lengai, Ol Doinyo	22305	Confirmed Eruption		North Crater		Historical Observations	2016/9/21	2016/10/13

Emissions Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution

Sorry. No emissions data found for this volcano.

Data from the Earthchem Library

Title	Author	Release Date	DOI	Link
The emissions of CO2 and other volatiles from the world’s subaerial volcanoes The emissions of CO2 and other volatiles from the world’s subaerial volcanoes	Fischer, Tobias	2020-11-21	10.1594/IEDA/111445	Details
Tanzania 2018 CO2 fluxes, carbon and noble gas isotopes	Muirhead, James	2020-06-04	10.26022/IEDA/111520	Details

Data from the Earthchem Portal

Sample ID	LINK	Method	Material	Rock Class	Rock Name	SiO₂ WT%	TiO₂ WT%	Al₂O₃ WT%	Fe₂O₃ WT%	Fe₂O₃ Total WT%	FeO WT%	FeO Total WT%	MnO WT%	MgO WT%	CaO WT%	Na₂O WT%	K₂O WT%	P₂O₅ WT%	Total WT%	Ba PPM	Cr PPM	Cu PPM	Mo PPM	Nb PPM	Ni PPM	Pb PPM	Rb PPM	Sc PPM	Sr PPM	V PPM	Y PPM	Zn PPM	Zr PPM	⁸⁷Sr / ⁸⁶Sr RATIO	¹⁴³Nd / ¹⁴⁴Nd RATIO	²⁰⁶Pb / ²⁰⁴Pb RATIO	²⁰⁷Pb / ²⁰⁴Pb RATIO	²⁰⁸Pb / ²⁰⁴Pb RATIO
N-17_3	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite	42.52	1.43	4.57				12.14	0.56	1.01	6.6	18.2	4.46	0.42	91.91
N1_10	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite	43.59	1.43	8.95				11.06	0.41	0.84	5.15	15.44	6.47	0.33	93.67
N1_10	DETAILS	SIMS	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite															910				199.8					1314		20.52		502
N-7_2	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite	46.51	0.98	10.74				9.38	0.36	0.82	4.65	12.88	5.74	0.04	92.1
4	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite	45.1	1.22	8.08				11.3	0.77	0.86	5.07	7.96	13.8	0.21	94.37
N-9_1B	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite	39.82	1.5	3.51				14.01	0.68	1.17	6.75	19.43	5.11	0.63	92.61
BD81	DETAILS	XRF	Rock	Igneous Unknown Volcanic	Nephelinite															1468	5	61	6	127	14	17	109		1646	230	30	159	398
BD81	DETAILS	XRF/WET/GRAV	Rock	Igneous Unknown Volcanic	Nephelinite	44.74	1.88	14.63	7.21		1.88		0.23	2.02	8.7	8.06	4.31	0.63	94.29
BD81	DETAILS	TIMS	Rock	Igneous Unknown Volcanic	Nephelinite																													0.7051	0.51249
108	DETAILS	XRF	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite	0.13	0.02	0		0.38			0.56	0.39	13.55	31.42	8.73	0.75	55.93	15825	0			31	0		192	0	11925	135	9		0
N-1_11	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite	41.77	1.54	6.67				11.54	0.35	1.03	5.51	14.84	6.76	0.23	90.24
BD121	DETAILS	XRF	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Phonolite															1622	0	17	0	164	11	17	110		2080	98	32	133	554
BD121	DETAILS	XRF/WET/GRAV	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Phonolite	50.92	1.19	18.59	4.45		1.78		0.18	0.96	4.69	9.1	4.78	0.38	97.02
BD121	DETAILS	TIMS	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Phonolite																															18.14	15.45	38.31
BD121	DETAILS	TIMS	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Phonolite																													0.70435	0.51266
N-6_1	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite	43.96	1.55	5.65				13.2	0.63	1.08	5.59	18.02	4.56	0.55	94.79
N-12_6G	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Igneous Exotic Volcanic	Carbonatite	39.78	1.46	3.83				15.03	0.69	1.34	7.09	18.88	5.53	0.96	94.59
NS04-53	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Metamorphic Unknown Unknown	Granulite	62.064		23.9207							5.17306	6.81348	1.74892		99.72016
NS04-53	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Metamorphic Unknown Unknown	Granulite	65.4157		19.5104							0.575827	3.49132	10.1857		99.178947
NS04-53	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Metamorphic Unknown Unknown	Granulite	61.8219		23.6055							4.9333	6.83796	1.85532		99.05398
NS04-53	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Metamorphic Unknown Unknown	Granulite	48.8449	0.274	4.0992				31.369	0.44976	15.1796	0.41056	0.03548			100
NS04-53	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Metamorphic Unknown Unknown	Granulite	49.032	0.25678	3.9794				31.2231	0.46222	15.311	0.41472	0.03014			100
NS04-53	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Metamorphic Unknown Unknown	Granulite	37.6172	0.0229	21.1742				29.4279	1.07002	6.32378	4.04372	0.01492			99.69464
NS04-53	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Metamorphic Unknown Unknown	Granulite	37.5089	0.03362	21.0713				29.7388	1.15352	6.4234	3.4145	0.01298			99.35702
NS04-53	DETAILS	EMP (EPMA)	Rock	Metamorphic Unknown Unknown	Granulite	35.4372	5.29724	15.1722				21.6346	0.05856	9.75302	0.09534	0.51078	8.75526		96.7142

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Data from the SESAR Database

IGSN	Object Name	Object Type	Material	Field Name	Link
TF100000T	TAZ09-24	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous>Volcanic>Mafic		Details
TF100000R	TAZ09-22	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous>Volcanic>Mafic		Details
TF100000P	TAZ09-20	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous>Volcanic>Mafic		Details
TF100000N	TAZ09-18	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous>Volcanic>Mafic		Details
TF100000O	TAZ09-19	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous>Volcanic>Mafic		Details
TF100000Q	TAZ09-21	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous>Volcanic>Mafic		Details
TF100000S	TAZ09-23	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous>Volcanic>Mafic		Details
TF100000U	TAZ09-25	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous>Volcanic>Mafic		Details
TF100000Y	TAZ09-29	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous>Volcanic>Mafic		Details
GRD00CTS0	I-506	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous		Details
NHB006OJY	NMNH 116783 (PET)	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous	Carbonatite	Details
NHB001QIG	NMNH 168823-00 (MIN)	Individual Sample	Mineral>Nyerereite	Nyerereite with gregoryite	Details
NHB005UP7	NMNH 113544 (PET)	Individual Sample	Rock>Igneous	Lengaite with nyerereite	Details
NHB000JHE	NMNH 113544-00 (MIN)	Individual Sample	Mineral>Nyerereite	Nyerereite	Details
NHB001M5T	NMNH 163224-00 (MIN)	Individual Sample	Mineral>Gregoryite	Gregoryite with nyerereite	Details

Data from the MaGa Database

Location: Ol Doinyo Lengai (View Details at MaGa DB)

Description: Ol Doinyo Lengai (2962m), "Mountain of God" in the Maasai language,is an active volcano located in the Gregory Rift, south of Lake Natron within the Arusha Region of Tanzania, Africa. Oldoinyo Lengai Volcano is the only volcano to erupt sodium carbonatite lavas in historical times. These lavas have a significantly lower melting point (around 500'C) than “normal” silicate lavas (around 1200'C) and their weak incandescence can only be observed at night.

Hazard Description: not reported

Type: volcanic_plume

Region: Arusha, Tanzania

Country: Tanzania

Volcanic Complex: Ol Doinyo Lengai

Gas Flux Data:

Measurement Name	Detail	Date	Specie	Flux	Std. Dev.	Unit of Measure
Ol Doinyo Lengai_08061994	Detail	1994/06/08	CO2	7200	0	Mg/d
Ol Doinyo Lengai_15061994	Detail	1994/06/15	CO2	6000	0	Mg/d