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Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Details for: Marion Island
Marion Island, South Africa's only historically active volcano, is seen from the NE with the meteorological station in the foreground. The red scoria cone is the lowest of a NE-trending chain of cones extending from the near the summit of the shield volcano. The meteorological station sits on Pleistocene lava flows. The island includes about 150 scoria cones and coastal tuff cones, most of which formed during the Holocene. The first historical eruption took place in 1980. Photo by Ian Meiklejohn (University of Pretoria).
Volcano Number:
234070
Volcano Name:
Marion Island
Country:
South Africa
Volcano Type:
Shield(s)
Last Eruption:
2004 CE
Elevation:
1230m
Tectonic Setting:
Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Latitude:
-46.9
Longitude:
37.75
Details
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Marion Island lies at the SW end of a submarine plateau immediately south of the SW Indian Ocean Ridge, opposite Prince Edward Island. The low profile of the 24-km-wide dominantly basaltic and trachybasaltic volcano is formed by two young shields that rise above a flat-topped submarine platform. The island includes about 150 cinder cones, smaller scoria cones, and coastal tuff cones. The earliest dated eruptions took place about 450,000 years ago, but much of the island is covered by Holocene aa and pahoehoe lava flows, and more than 130 scoria cones formed during the Holocene. Many of these appear younger than the 4,020 BP peat layer overlying one of the flows (Verwoerd, 1981). Unvegetated lava flows appear to be only a few hundred years old (Verwoerd, 1967). An eruption in 1980 produced explosive activity and lava flows from a 5-km-long fissure that extended from the summit to the west coast.
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Eruption Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
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Emissions Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Sorry. No emissions data found for this volcano.
Data from the Earthchem Library
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the EarthChem Library.
Data from the Earthchem Portal
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the EarthChem Portal.
Data from the SESAR Database
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the SESAR database.
Data from the MaGa Database
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the MaGa database.
Data from UNAVCO
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the UNAVCO database.
Data from USIEI
Sorry. This volcano is not covered by any USIEI projects
Data from IRIS FDSNWS
Sorry. No IRIS data found for this volcano.