Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Details for: Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai
The small islands of Hunga Tonga (upper right) and Hunga Ha'apai (left) are the peaks a large seamount located about 30 km SSE of Falcon Island. The two islands are about 2 km long. They have inward-facing cliffs that represent the W and N remnants of the rim of a largely-submarine caldera lying E and S of the islands. A shoal is visible 3.2 km SE of Hunga Ha'apai and 3 km south of Hunga Tonga and marks the most prominent historically active vent. Aerial photo by Tonga Ministry of Lands, Survey, and Natural Resources, 1991 (published in Taylor and Ewart, 1997).
Volcano Number:243040
Volcano Name:Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai
Country:Tonga
Volcano Type:Submarine
Last Eruption:2015 CE
Elevation:114m
Tectonic Setting:Subduction zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Pop. within 5km:230
Pop. within 10km:230
Pop. within 30km:532
Pop. within 100km:86213
Latitude:-20.536
Longitude:-175.382


Eruption Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Volcano Number Volcano Name Eruption Number Activity Type Explosivity Index Max Explosivity Index Modifier Activity Area Activity Unit Start Evidence Method Start Date End Date
243040 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai 14730 Confirmed Eruption 2 Historical Observations 1912/4/29
243040 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai 14731 Confirmed Eruption 2 Historical Observations 1937
243040 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai 14732 Confirmed Eruption 0 1 km SSE of Hunga Ha'apai Historical Observations 1988/6/1 1988/6/3
243040 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai 14733 Confirmed Eruption 2 Hunga Ha'apai Historical Observations 2009/3/17 2009/3/22
243040 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai 20983 Confirmed Eruption 2 Historical Observations 2014/12/19 2015/1/23
Emissions Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Emission ID SO2 Kilotons Start Date End Date
78 14 2014/12/24 2014/12/24

Data from the Earthchem Library
Title Author Release Date DOI Link
The emissions of CO2 and other volatiles from the world’s subaerial volcanoes The emissions of CO2 and other volatiles from the world’s subaerial volcanoes Fischer, Tobias 2020-11-21 10.1594/IEDA/111445 Details
Data from the Earthchem Portal

Data from the SESAR Database
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the SESAR database.

Data from the MaGa Database
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the MaGa database.