Gunung Ungaran volcano, S of the northern Java coastal city of Semarang, lies at the northern end of a transverse chain of volcanoes extending NNW from Merapi. It was formed in three stages, with growth of the youngest edifice taking place during the late Pleistocene and Holocene. This youngest edifice was constructed S of three large remnant structural blocks of the second Ungaran volcano. A group of pyroclastic cones was also constructed along the margins of the older edifice. The volcano is deeply eroded and no eruptions have been reported, but two active fumarole fields are located on its flanks.