IEDA / DECADE Detail

Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution

Details for: Cotopaxi

Symmetrical Cotopaxi is one of the most prominent volcanoes that line both sides of the Interandean valley along Ecuador's "Avenue of Volcanoes." Cotopaxi, one of Ecuador's most active volcanoes, has produced more than 50 eruptions since the 16th century. Glaciers cover the upper part of the cone from 4700 m altitude on the west flank, seen here, to the 5911-m-high summit. Devastating lahars in historical time swept this valley before turning south and then east into the Amazon basin. Lahars to the NW reached the Pacific Ocean. Photo by Lee Siebert, 1978 (Smithsonian Institution).

Volcano Number:	352050
Volcano Name:	Cotopaxi
Country:	Ecuador
Volcano Type:	Stratovolcano
Last Eruption:	2016 CE
Elevation:	5911m
Tectonic Setting:	Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Pop. within 5km:	251
Pop. within 10km:	7299
Pop. within 30km:	152139
Pop. within 100km:	3631492
Latitude:	-0.677
Longitude:	-78.436

Eruption Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution

Volcano Number	Volcano Name	Eruption Number	Activity Type	Explosivity Index Max	Explosivity Index Modifier	Activity Unit	Start Evidence Method	Start Date	End Date
352050	Cotopaxi	11510	Confirmed Eruption	2		Tephra set F-1	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	-7690
352050	Cotopaxi	11511	Confirmed Eruption	5	+	Tephra set F-2	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	-5820
352050	Cotopaxi	11512	Confirmed Eruption	5		Tephra set F-3	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	-4350
352050	Cotopaxi	11513	Confirmed Eruption	5	+	Tephra set F-4	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	-3880
352050	Cotopaxi	11516	Confirmed Eruption	5		Tephra set F-5	Tephrochronology	-3280
352050	Cotopaxi	11517	Confirmed Eruption	5		Colorado Canyon tephra set	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	-2640
352050	Cotopaxi	11518	Confirmed Eruption				Tephrochronology	-2250
352050	Cotopaxi	11519	Confirmed Eruption			Tephra set H	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	-2220
352050	Cotopaxi	11520	Confirmed Eruption	5		Tephra layers I1	Tephrochronology	-2050
352050	Cotopaxi	11521	Confirmed Eruption				Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	-1510
352050	Cotopaxi	11522	Confirmed Eruption	4		Tephra layer I2	Tephrochronology	-1050
352050	Cotopaxi	11523	Confirmed Eruption	4		Tephra layer J	Tephrochronology	-400
352050	Cotopaxi	11524	Confirmed Eruption	4		Tephra layer JJ	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	-230
352050	Cotopaxi	11525	Confirmed Eruption	3		Tephra layer JK	Tephrochronology	-50
352050	Cotopaxi	11526	Confirmed Eruption	4		Tephra layer Ka1	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	70
352050	Cotopaxi	11527	Confirmed Eruption	4		Tephra layer Ka2	Tephrochronology	150
352050	Cotopaxi	11528	Confirmed Eruption	4		Tephra layer Kb2	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	180
352050	Cotopaxi	11529	Confirmed Eruption			Tephra layer 11	Tephrochronology	370
352050	Cotopaxi	11530	Confirmed Eruption			Tephra layer 10	Tephrochronology	550
352050	Cotopaxi	11531	Confirmed Eruption	4		Tephra layer Kb2	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	740
352050	Cotopaxi	11532	Confirmed Eruption	4		Tephra layer L1	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	770
352050	Cotopaxi	11533	Confirmed Eruption	3		Tephra layer L2	Tephrochronology	950
352050	Cotopaxi	11534	Confirmed Eruption	5		Tephra layer X	Radiocarbon (uncorrected)	1130
352050	Cotopaxi	11535	Confirmed Eruption				Tephrochronology	1260
352050	Cotopaxi	11537	Confirmed Eruption	4	+	Tephra layer Y4	Tephrochronology	1350
352050	Cotopaxi	11538	Confirmed Eruption	4			Historical Observations	1532/11/15
352050	Cotopaxi	11539	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1533	1533
352050	Cotopaxi	11540	Confirmed Eruption	4		Tephra set MZ	Historical Observations	1534	1534
352050	Cotopaxi	11541	Confirmed Eruption	3	?		Historical Observations	1698
352050	Cotopaxi	11542	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1738
352050	Cotopaxi	11543	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1740	1741
352050	Cotopaxi	11544	Confirmed Eruption	3	?		Historical Observations	1742/6/15	1742
352050	Cotopaxi	11545	Confirmed Eruption	3	?		Historical Observations	1742/12/9
352050	Cotopaxi	11546	Confirmed Eruption	3	?		Historical Observations	1743
352050	Cotopaxi	11547	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1743/9/27	1743/10/4
352050	Cotopaxi	11548	Confirmed Eruption	4			Historical Observations	1744	1744
352050	Cotopaxi	11549	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1746
352050	Cotopaxi	11550	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1747	1749
352050	Cotopaxi	11551	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1750/9/2	1750/9/4
352050	Cotopaxi	11552	Confirmed Eruption	3			Historical Observations	1766/2/10	1766
352050	Cotopaxi	11553	Confirmed Eruption	4			Historical Observations	1768/4/4
352050	Cotopaxi	11554	Confirmed Eruption	3			Historical Observations	1803/1/4	1803/1/5
352050	Cotopaxi	11555	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1844
352050	Cotopaxi	11556	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1845
352050	Cotopaxi	11557	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1850
352050	Cotopaxi	11558	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1851
352050	Cotopaxi	11559	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1852
352050	Cotopaxi	11560	Confirmed Eruption	3			Historical Observations	1853/9/13	1853/9/15
352050	Cotopaxi	11561	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1854/4/3
352050	Cotopaxi	11562	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1854/9/14
352050	Cotopaxi	11563	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1855
352050	Cotopaxi	11564	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1856
352050	Cotopaxi	11565	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1856	1856
352050	Cotopaxi	11566	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1857
352050	Cotopaxi	11567	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1858	1858
352050	Cotopaxi	11568	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1859
352050	Cotopaxi	11569	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1860	1862
352050	Cotopaxi	11570	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1863
352050	Cotopaxi	11571	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1866/9/21	1866/9/26
352050	Cotopaxi	11572	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1867
352050	Cotopaxi	11573	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1868/8/15	1868/8/16
352050	Cotopaxi	11574	Confirmed Eruption	3			Historical Observations	1869	1869
352050	Cotopaxi	11575	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1870	1876
352050	Cotopaxi	11576	Confirmed Eruption	4			Historical Observations	1877	1877/9/2
352050	Cotopaxi	11577	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1878/8/23	1878/8/24
352050	Cotopaxi	11578	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1879/2/26	1879/6/19
352050	Cotopaxi	11579	Confirmed Eruption	3			Historical Observations	1880	1880
352050	Cotopaxi	11580	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1882	1882
352050	Cotopaxi	11581	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1883
352050	Cotopaxi	11582	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1883
352050	Cotopaxi	11583	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1885/7/23
352050	Cotopaxi	11584	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1886
352050	Cotopaxi	11585	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1895
352050	Cotopaxi	11586	Confirmed Eruption	3			Historical Observations	1903/9/26	1904
352050	Cotopaxi	11587	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1905
352050	Cotopaxi	11588	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1906/8/21	1906/9/19
352050	Cotopaxi	11589	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1907
352050	Cotopaxi	11590	Confirmed Eruption	1			Historical Observations	1908	1914
352050	Cotopaxi	11591	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1922
352050	Cotopaxi	11592	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1926
352050	Cotopaxi	11593	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1931
352050	Cotopaxi	11594	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1939/2/2
352050	Cotopaxi	11595	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	1940
352050	Cotopaxi	11596	Uncertain Eruption	3	?			1942/2/17	1942/2/19
352050	Cotopaxi	21088	Confirmed Eruption	2			Historical Observations	2015/8/14	2016/1/24

Emissions Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution

Emission ID	SO2 Kilotons	Start Date	End Date
301	20	2015/08/14	2015/08/14

Data from the Earthchem Library

Title	Author	Release Date	DOI	Link
Gas Data for Cotopaxi Volcano in 2015 (Ecuador)	Hidalgo, Silvana	2018-06-08	10.1594/IEDA/111165	Details
The emissions of CO2 and other volatiles from the world’s subaerial volcanoes The emissions of CO2 and other volatiles from the world’s subaerial volcanoes	Fischer, Tobias	2020-11-21	10.1594/IEDA/111445	Details

Data from the Earthchem Portal

Sample ID	LINK	Method	Material	Rock Class	Rock Name	SiO₂ WT%	TiO₂ WT%	Al₂O₃ WT%	Fe₂O₃ Total WT%	MnO WT%	MgO WT%	CaO WT%	Na₂O WT%	K₂O WT%	P₂O₅ WT%	Total WT%	Nb PPM	Rb PPM	Sr PPM	Y PPM	Zr PPM	⁸⁷Sr / ⁸⁶Sr RATIO	¹⁴³Nd / ¹⁴⁴Nd RATIO	²⁰⁶Pb / ²⁰⁴Pb RATIO	²⁰⁷Pb / ²⁰⁴Pb RATIO	²⁰⁸Pb / ²⁰⁴Pb RATIO
D323897	DETAILS	XRF	Rock	Igneous Unknown Unknown	Unknown	73.5	0.17	14.5		0.06	0.41	1.75	4.35	2.92	0.08	97.74
D323896	DETAILS	XRF	Rock	Igneous Unknown Unknown	Unknown	71	0.18	14.3		0.07	0.47	1.87	4.18	2.75	0.09	94.91
D323898	DETAILS	XRF	Rock	Igneous Unknown Unknown	Unknown	72.8	0.19	14.8		0.07	0.48	1.84	4.44	2.81	0.09	97.52
D323899	DETAILS	XRF	Rock	Igneous Unknown Unknown	Unknown	73.1	0.17	14.7		0.07	0.43	1.82	4.51	2.62	0.08	97.5
EF7	DETAILS	NOT GIVEN	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite	55.7								1.14		56.84
EF7	DETAILS	TIMS	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite																		0.51285
EF7	DETAILS	TIMS_ID	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite
EF7	DETAILS	TIMS	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite																	0.70427		18.89	15.2	38.62
EF7	DETAILS	TIMS	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite																	0.70441
EF7	DETAILS	XRF	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite													21	638
EF7	DETAILS	NOT GIVEN	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite	55.72	0.89	16.89	8.72	0.1	5.12	7.51	3.86	1.14	0.23	100	6	18	640	13	110
EF6A	DETAILS	TIMS	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite																	0.70417
EF6A	DETAILS	TIMS	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite																	0.70431
EF6A	DETAILS	XRF	Rock	Igneous Intermediate Volcanic	Andesite													26	677

Data from the SESAR Database

Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the SESAR database.

Data from the MaGa Database

Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the MaGa database.