EarthChem Home
Decade Home
About EarthChem
Overview
News
About DECADE
Help
Login
Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Details for: Krafla
The Krafla central volcano, located NE of Mývatn lake, is a topographically indistinct 9-km-wide caldera that is cut by a N-S-trending fissure system. This view from the south looks toward the center of the caldera with the rhyolitic lava dome of Hlidarfjall on the left and prominent fissures cutting across the caldera at the right. Photo by Michael Ryan, 1984 (U.S. Geological Survey).
Volcano Number:
373080
Volcano Name:
Krafla
Country:
Iceland
Volcano Type:
Caldera
Last Eruption:
1984 CE
Elevation:
800m
Tectonic Setting:
Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Pop. within 5km:
384
Pop. within 10km:
384
Pop. within 30km:
1258
Pop. within 100km:
25667
Latitude:
65.715
Longitude:
-16.728
Details
Hide
The Krafla volcanic system in the Northern Volcanic Zone (NVZ) of Iceland is about 100 km long, consisting of a fissure swarm and a central volcano with a 7 x 9 km caldera formed about 110,000 years ago that deposited a rhyolitic welded tuff. It has been moderately active in the Holocene, over three distinct eruptive periods; the current one has lasted about 2,800 years with six volcano-tectonic episodes, each with one or more basaltic fissure eruptions. Lava volumes (DRE) have been in the 0.1-1 km3 range. The Hverfjall and Ludent tuff rings east of Myvatn were erupted along the fissure system. Myvatn lake formed during the eruption of the older Laxarhraun lava flow from the Ketildyngja shield volcano of the Fremrinamur volcanic system about 3,800 years before present (BP); The present Myvatn lake is constrained by the roughly 2,000 years BP younger Laxarhraun lava flow from the Krafla volcanic system. The abundant pseudocraters that form a prominent part of the Myvatn landscape were created when the younger Laxarhraun lava flow entered the lake. The last eruption took place in 1975-1984 CE when nine small basaltic fissure eruptions produced 0.25 km3 of lava.
Download XLS
Eruption Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Show 23 Results
Hide Results
Emissions Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Show 3 Results
Hide Results
Data from the Earthchem Library
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the EarthChem Library.
Data from the Earthchem Portal
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the EarthChem Portal.
Data from the SESAR Database
Show 648 Results
Hide Results
Data from the MaGa Database
Show 1 location
Hide Locations
Data from UNAVCO
Sorry. No data exist for this volcano in the UNAVCO database.
Data from USIEI
Sorry. This volcano is not covered by any USIEI projects
Data from IRIS FDSNWS
Show 13 Results
Hide Results