Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Details for: Krafla
The Krafla central volcano, located NE of Myvatn lake, is a topographically indistinct 10-km-wide caldera that is cut by a N-S-trending fissure system. This view from the south looks toward the center of the caldera with the rhyolitic lava dome of Hlidarfjall on the left and prominent fissures cutting across the caldera at the right. Krafla has been the source of many rifting and eruptive events during the Holocene, including two in historical time, during 1724-29 and 1975-84. Photo by Michael Ryan, 1984 (U.S. Geological Survey).
Volcano Number:373080
Volcano Name:Krafla
Country:Iceland
Volcano Type:Caldera
Last Eruption:1984 CE
Elevation:800m
Tectonic Setting:Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Pop. within 5km:384
Pop. within 10km:384
Pop. within 30km:1258
Pop. within 100km:25667
Latitude:65.715
Longitude:-16.728


Eruption Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Volcano Number Volcano Name Eruption Number Activity Type Explosivity Index Max Explosivity Index Modifier Activity Area Activity Unit Start Evidence Method Start Date End Date
373080 Krafla 12923 Confirmed Eruption 0 Gjastykkisbunga Tephrochronology -8500
373080 Krafla 12927 Confirmed Eruption 2 ? Bondholshraun, Hveragil Tephrochronology -6850
373080 Krafla 12928 Confirmed Eruption 2 ? Hveragil Tephrochronology -6800
373080 Krafla 12929 Confirmed Eruption Kröfluhalshraun Tephrochronology -6500
373080 Krafla 12933 Confirmed Eruption 0 Hvannstód Radiocarbon (uncorrected) -3050
373080 Krafla 12934 Confirmed Eruption 4 Hverfjall, Jarbadsholar Tephrochronology -650
373080 Krafla 12935 Confirmed Eruption 0 North of Hverfjall Tephrochronology -500
373080 Krafla 12937 Confirmed Eruption 2 Holseldar Tephrochronology -50
373080 Krafla 12938 Confirmed Eruption 0 Kerlingarholar Tephrochronology 250
373080 Krafla 12939 Confirmed Eruption 0 Daleldar, Svortuborgir Tephrochronology 850
373080 Krafla 12940 Confirmed Eruption 2 ? Crater south of Víti Tephrochronology 1300
373080 Krafla 12941 Confirmed Eruption 2 Víti (1.5 km east of Leirhnjúkur) Historical Observations 1724/5/17 1724/5/18
373080 Krafla 12943 Confirmed Eruption 2 North end of Leirhnjúkur Historical Observations 1727/8/21
373080 Krafla 12944 Confirmed Eruption 2 Leirhnjúkur, Hrossadalur, Bjarnarflag Historical Observations 1728/4/18
373080 Krafla 12945 Confirmed Eruption 2 Leirhnjúkur crater row Historical Observations 1728/12/18
373080 Krafla 12946 Confirmed Eruption 2 Leirhnjúkur crater row Historical Observations 1729/6/30 1729/9/25
373080 Krafla 12947 Confirmed Eruption 1 Leirhnjúkur crater row Historical Observations 1746/7/10 1746/7/10
373080 Krafla 12948 Confirmed Eruption 0 1.5-2.5 km north of Leirhnjúkur Historical Observations 1975/12/20 1975/12/20
373080 Krafla 12949 Confirmed Eruption 1 3 km north of Leirhnjúkur Historical Observations 1977/4/27 1977/9/8
373080 Krafla 12950 Confirmed Eruption 0 Leirhnjúkur to 11 km north Historical Observations 1980/3/16 1980/10/23
373080 Krafla 12951 Confirmed Eruption 0 6-8 km N of Leirhnjúkur Historical Observations 1981/1/30 1981/2/4
373080 Krafla 12952 Confirmed Eruption 0 Leirhnjúkur to 9 km north Historical Observations 1981/11/18 1981/11/23
373080 Krafla 12953 Confirmed Eruption 0 Leirhnjúkur to 8.5 km north Historical Observations 1984/9/4 1984/9/18
Emissions Data from the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution
Emission ID SO2 Kilotons Start Date End Date
360 250 1980/07/11 1980/07/11
361 60 1980/10/19 1980/10/19
362 375 1984/09/05 1984/09/05

Data from the Earthchem Library
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Data from the SESAR Database

Data from the MaGa Database
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